{
  "meta": {
    "built": "2026-09-30T05:41:31.791Z",
    "version": "v1",
    "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "source": "https://github.com/bdgroves/hoplove"
  },
  "hop": {
    "slug": "perle",
    "name": "Perle",
    "purpose": "dual",
    "country": "DE",
    "international_code": "PER",
    "kind": "cultivar",
    "ownership": {
      "mark": "public",
      "public_domain": true
    },
    "pedigree": {
      "breeder": "unknown",
      "parents": {
        "unknown": true
      },
      "refs": []
    },
    "aroma": {
      "summary": "BarthHaas describes it as lemon, marjoram, pepper, dried fruits, pear.",
      "tags": [
        "lemon",
        "herbal",
        "black-pepper",
        "stone-fruit",
        "pear"
      ],
      "refs": [
        "barthhaas"
      ]
    },
    "usage": {
      "timing": [],
      "beer_styles": []
    },
    "products": {
      "cryo": false,
      "lupomax": false
    },
    "substitutes": [],
    "meta": {
      "status": "stub",
      "verification": "corroborated",
      "last_reviewed": "2026-09-27",
      "notes": "purpose defaulted to dual, unconfirmed -- was not researched individually for this bulk scaffold pass. Correct before publishing.\n"
    },
    "analytics": {
      "alpha_acid": {
        "unit": "percent",
        "low": 3,
        "high": 11,
        "typical": 6.81,
        "agreement": 0.941,
        "source_count": 3,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 4,
            "high": 9,
            "typical": 6.5,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          },
          {
            "id": "barthhaas",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 3,
            "high": 11,
            "typical": 7,
            "note": "Range over the last 4 crop years."
          },
          {
            "id": "crosby",
            "tier": "merchant",
            "low": 3,
            "high": 11,
            "typical": 7
          }
        ]
      },
      "beta_acid": {
        "unit": "percent",
        "low": 2,
        "high": 5.2,
        "typical": 3.59,
        "agreement": 0.926,
        "source_count": 3,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 2.5,
            "high": 4.5,
            "typical": 3.5,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          },
          {
            "id": "barthhaas",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 2.3,
            "high": 5.2,
            "typical": 3.75,
            "note": "Range over the last 4 crop years."
          },
          {
            "id": "crosby",
            "tier": "merchant",
            "low": 2,
            "high": 5,
            "typical": 3.5
          }
        ]
      },
      "cohumulone": {
        "unit": "percent_of_alpha",
        "low": 29,
        "high": 35,
        "typical": 32,
        "agreement": null,
        "source_count": 1,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 29,
            "high": 35,
            "typical": 32,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          }
        ]
      },
      "total_oil": {
        "unit": "ml_per_100g",
        "low": 0.5,
        "high": 2,
        "typical": 1.18,
        "agreement": 0.717,
        "source_count": 3,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 0.5,
            "high": 1.3,
            "typical": 0.9,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          },
          {
            "id": "barthhaas",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 0.7,
            "high": 2,
            "typical": 1.35,
            "note": "Range over the last 4 crop years."
          },
          {
            "id": "crosby",
            "tier": "merchant",
            "low": 0.7,
            "high": 2,
            "typical": 1.35
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "oils": {
      "farnesene": {
        "unit": "percent_of_total_oil",
        "low": 0,
        "high": 1,
        "typical": 0.5,
        "agreement": null,
        "source_count": 1,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 0,
            "high": 1,
            "typical": 0.5,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          }
        ]
      },
      "linalool": {
        "unit": "percent_of_total_oil",
        "low": 0.2,
        "high": 0.6,
        "typical": 0.4,
        "agreement": null,
        "source_count": 1,
        "sources": [
          {
            "id": "hopsteiner",
            "tier": "breeder",
            "low": 0.2,
            "high": 0.6,
            "typical": 0.4,
            "note": "Data sheet last changed 2020-09-25."
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "forms": null,
    "derived": {
      "alpha_beta_ratio": {
        "value": 1.9,
        "label": "1.9:1"
      },
      "oil_profile": {
        "raw_sum": 0.9,
        "normalized": null,
        "insufficient": true
      },
      "completeness": 67,
      "cited_sources": [
        "barthhaas",
        "crosby",
        "hopsteiner"
      ],
      "relies_on_unsourced": false
    },
    "acreage": {
      "source": "usda-nass",
      "latest": 2025,
      "shared": false,
      "notes": [],
      "acres": {
        "OR": {
          "2015": "withheld",
          "2016": "withheld",
          "2017": 76,
          "2018": 77,
          "2019": "withheld",
          "2020": "withheld"
        }
      },
      "production_klb": {
        "OR": {
          "2015": "withheld",
          "2016": "withheld",
          "2017": 88.5,
          "2018": 84.2,
          "2019": "withheld",
          "2020": "withheld"
        }
      },
      "rank": {}
    },
    "beers": [
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-baya-gose",
          "name": "Baya Gose",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-bitburger-aslan",
          "name": "Bitburger x Aslan",
          "abv": 5.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-cherry-lime-disco",
          "name": "Cherry Lime Disco",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-coastal-pils",
          "name": "Coastal Pils",
          "abv": 4.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-disco-lemonade",
          "name": "Disco Lemonade",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-dunkel",
          "name": "Dunkel",
          "abv": 5.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-frances-farmer",
          "name": "Frances Farmer",
          "abv": 5.6
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-2025-frauenbier",
          "name": "Frauenbier",
          "abv": 4.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-frauenbier-2022",
          "name": "Frauenbier",
          "abv": 4.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-frauenbier-2023",
          "name": "Frauenbier",
          "abv": 4.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-peated-frances",
          "name": "Peated Frances",
          "abv": 7.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-raspberry-disco-lemonade",
          "name": "Raspberry Disco Lemonade",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-unidos-yppnd",
          "name": "Unidos",
          "abv": 4.6
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "aslan",
          "name": "Aslan Brewing",
          "city": "Bellingham",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://www.aslanbrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "beers-vienna-lager1",
          "name": "Vienna Lager",
          "abv": 4.6
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "a-star-is-bjorn",
          "name": "A Star Is Bjorn",
          "abv": 8.7
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "bock-holliday",
          "name": "Bock Holliday",
          "abv": 7.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "boosted-immunity",
          "name": "Boosted Immunity",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "but-its-a-dry-heat",
          "name": "But It’s A Dry Heat",
          "abv": 5.1
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "coral-blue-5",
          "name": "Coral Blue #5",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "corrales-is-more",
          "name": "Corrales is More"
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "darryls-strawberries",
          "name": "Darryl’s Strawberries",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "decem-series-italian-pilsner",
          "name": "Decem Series: Italian Pilsner",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "dunkel-steve",
          "name": "Dunkel Steve",
          "abv": 5.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "eternal-fest",
          "name": "Eternal Fest",
          "abv": 5.7
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "fresh-hop-german-overalls",
          "name": "Fresh Hop German Overalls",
          "abv": 5.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "german-overalls",
          "name": "German Overalls",
          "abv": 5.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "good-enough-eh",
          "name": "Good Enough, Eh?",
          "abv": 4.5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "honey-i-lav-you",
          "name": "Honey, I Lav You",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "lei-it-on-me",
          "name": "Lei It On Me",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "mexican-lager",
          "name": "Mexican Lager",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "my-hammy-vice",
          "name": "My Hammy Vice",
          "abv": 5.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "novo-pils",
          "name": "Novo Pils",
          "abv": 5.9
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "over-the-falls",
          "name": "Over the Falls",
          "abv": 4.6
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "pastel-polo",
          "name": "Pastel Polo",
          "abv": 7
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "perle-haggard",
          "name": "Perle Haggard",
          "abv": 5.1
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "rosemarys-baby",
          "name": "Rosemary’s Baby",
          "abv": 4.4
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "si-senor",
          "name": "Si Señor",
          "abv": 5.1
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "smoked-show",
          "name": "Smoked Show",
          "abv": 5.2
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "the-darkest-timeline",
          "name": "The Darkest Timeline",
          "abv": 5
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "ex-novo",
          "name": "Ex Novo Brewing",
          "city": "Portland",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://exnovobrew.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "v-for-vienna",
          "name": "V for Vienna",
          "abv": 5.4
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "fair-isle",
          "name": "Fair Isle Brewing",
          "city": "Seattle",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://fairislebrewing.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "roman",
          "name": "Roman"
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "fort-george",
          "name": "Fort George Brewery",
          "city": "Astoria",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://fortgeorgebrewery.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "worlds-collide",
          "name": "Worlds Collide",
          "abv": 6.8
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "georgetown",
          "name": "Georgetown Brewing",
          "city": "Seattle",
          "state": "WA",
          "url": "https://georgetownbeer.com/"
        },
        "beer": {
          "slug": "donkey-deux",
          "name": "Donkey Deux",
          "abv": 8.4
        },
        "fresh": false
      },
      {
        "brewery": {
          "slug": "pfriem",
          "name": "pFriem Family Brewers",
          "city": "Hood River",
          "state": "OR",
          "url": "https://www.pfriembeer.com/"
        },
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}